Supermajority: Table 4

Table 4

Constitutional Amendments Passing Since 1968

						Percent of	Passed by		Approval	Approval	Passed by
Total Who						Voters	2/3 of those		by Percent	by Percent	2/3 of those
Voted in						Voting	Who Voted	Source	of Registered	of Those Voting	Who Voted
Election	Year	Amendment	For	Against	Total	to Amend	on the Amendment	(*)	Voters	In Election	in the Election
1,730,813	1970
	4	Amendment to pollution abatement	819,629	331,250	1,150,879	71.2%	Yes	L	29.30%	47.36%	No
	5	Amendment to Land Sales	680,223	429,917	1,110,140	61.3%	No	L	24.32%	39.30%	No
#	1971	(Special Election)
	1	Amendment to Article VII	841,433	355,023	1,196,456	70.3%	Yes	L	30.08%
		Tax on Corporations
#	1972	(Presidential Preference Primary)
	1	Amendment to Article V, Judicial	969,741	401,861	1,371,602	70.7%	Yes	L	34.67%
	2	Amendment to Article VII	877,346	467,525	1,344,871	65.2%	No	L	31.37%
		Student Loan
2,583,283	1972	(General Election)
	1	Amendment to Chapter 259, F.S.	1,256,292	509,679	1,765,971	71.1%	Yes	L	36.02%	48.63%	No
		Endangered Lands
	2	Amendment to XII	1,284,817	474,514	1,759,331	73.0%	Yes	L	36.84%	49.74%	No
		Natural Resources
	3	Amendment to Article XI, Initiative	1,157,648	476,165	1,633,813	70.9%	Yes	L	33.19%	44.81%	No
	4	Amendment to Article XII	1,191,118	531,520	1,722,638	69.1%	Yes	L	34.15%	46.11%	No
		Public Schools and Jr. Colleges
	5	Amendment to Article X	1,137,735	555,426	1,693,161	67.2%	Yes	L	32.62%	44.04%	No
		Devise of Homestead
1,828,392	1974
	1	Amendment to Article XII	846,071	447,599	1,293,670	65.4%	No	L	23.36%	46.27%	No
		Gross receipt taxes
	3	Amendment to Article VIII	722,889	534,071	1,256,960	57.5%	No	L	19.96%	39.54%	No
		Property Appraiser
	4	Amendment to Article IV, Game and	859,517	366,965	1,226,482	70.1%	Yes	L	23.74%	47.01%	No
		Freshwater Fish Commission
	5	Amendment to Article V	946,006	264,161	1,210,167	78.2%	Yes	L	26.12%	51.74%	No
		Judicial Qualifications Commission
	6	Amendment to Article VII	658,790	517,926	1,176,716	56.0%	No	L	18.19%	36.03%	No
		Electrical Energy Generating or
		Transmission Facilities
	7	Amendment to Article I	974,892	300,633	1,275,525	76.4%	Yes	L	26.92%	53.32%	No
		Prohibiting Discrimination Based
		Upon Physical Handicaps
3,150,631	1976
	1	Amendment to Article II, Section 8	1,765,626	461,940	2,227,566	79.3%	Yes	I	43.12%	56.04%	No
		Sunshine Amendment
	2	Amendment to Article V, Section 3,10,11	1,600,944	527,056	2,128,000	75.2%	Yes	L	39.10%	50.81%	No
		Retention of Judges
	3	Amendment to Article V, Section 12	1,514,623	564,441	2,079,064	72.9%	Yes	L	36.99%	48.07%	No
		Discipline of Judges
	8	Article X, Retirement System	1,254,413	756,043	2,010,456	62.4%	No	L	30.64%	39.81%	No
2,530,468	1978
	None passed
3,686,927	1980	(General Election)
	1	Tax Exemption	1,042,685	347,766	1,390,451	75.0%	Yes	L	21.68%	28.28%	No
	2	Bonds for Housing	826,742	618,694	1,445,436	57.2%	No	L	17.19%	22.42%	No
	3	Ad Valorem Taxation	916,043	541,630	1,457,673	62.8%	No	L	19.05%	24.85%	No
	4	"	1,251,096	289,620	1,540,716	81.2%	Yes	L	26.01%	33.93%	No
	5	"	1,003,979	442,386	1,446,365	69.4%	Yes	L	20.87%	27.23%	No
#	1980	(Presidential Primary)
	1	Homestead Exemption				69.6%	Yes	L	22.64%
	2	Modified Jurisdiction of Supreme Court				67.1%	Yes	L	19.55%
#	1980	(Unknown Election)
	2	Right of Privacy				60.6%	No	L	35.82%
	3	Passage of Bills				66.9%	Yes	L	36.67%
	4	State Bonds for Water Facilities				67.0%	No	L	37.97%
	5	Second Gas Tax				55.6%	No	L	31.16%
2,688,566	1982
	2	Searches and Seizures	1,440,523	828,571	2,269,094	63.5%	No	L	29.61%	53.58%	No
	3	Pretrial release and detention	1,412,269	917,092	2,329,361	60.6%	No	L	29.03%	52.53%	No
4,180,051	1984
	1	Exemption of Homestead and personal	2,766,516	734,785	3,501,301	79.0%	Yes	L	49.63%	66.18%	No
		property / forced sale
	2	Disbursement of State Funds	2,467,025	919,675	3,386,700	72.8%	Yes	L	44.26%	59.02%	No
	3	Procedures of Judicial Nominating	2,720,297	590,960	3,311,257	82.2%	Yes	L	48.80%	65.08%	No
		Commission
	5	Election of County Commissioners	2,150,510	1,195,654	3,346,164	64.3%	No	L	38.58%	51.45%	No
	6	Eligibility to be a County Court Judge	2,529,436	823,219	3,352,655	75.4%	Yes	L	45.38%	60.51%	No
	7	Bonds for State Capital Projects	2,095,916	1,109,900	3,205,816	65.4%	No	L	37.60%	50.14%	No
	8	Public Education Capital Outlay	2,553,332	778,114	3,331,446	76.6%	Yes	L	45.80%	61.08%	No
		Bonds, PECO
3,429,839	1986
	1	State Wide Prosecutor	2,168,701	811,122	2,979,823	72.8%	Yes	L	38.51%	63.23%	No
	4	Supreme Court Opinion, proposed initiatives	1,988,841	759,691	2,748,532	72.4%	Yes	L	35.32%	57.99%	No
	5	State operated lotteries	2,039,437	1,168,858	3,208,295	63.6%	No	I	36.22%	59.46%	No
4,412,839	1988
	1	Impeachments of County Court Judges	2,840,296	1,085,751	3,926,047	72.3%	Yes	L	49.69%	64.36%	No
	2	Rights of Victims of Crime	3,629,963	394,617	4,024,580	90.2%	Yes	L	63.50%	82.26%	Yes
	3	Assessment of High Water Recharge Lands	2,423,783	1,187,303	3,611,086	67.1%	Yes	L	42.40%	54.93%	No
	4	Bonds for acquisition of property for state	2,141,987	1,602,965	3,744,952	57.2%	No	L	37.47%	48.54%	No
		roads or for constructing bridges
	5	Property tax exemption for widowers	3,415,074	593,913	4,008,987	85.2%	Yes	L	59.74%	77.39%	Yes
	6	Taxation and Budget Reform Commission	2,111,320	1,538,470	3,649,790	57.8%	No	L	36.94%	47.84%	No
	8	Civil Traffic Hearing Officers	2,736,373	1,147,126	3,883,499	70.5%	Yes	L	47.87%	62.01%	No
	9	Department of Veterans Affairs and Elderly	2,723,848	1,225,915	3,949,763	69.0%	Yes	L	47.65%	61.73%	No
		Affairs
	11	English is the Official Language of Florida	3,457,039	664,861	4,121,900	83.9%	Yes	I	60.48%	78.34%	Yes
3,622,569	1990
	1	Regular Legislative Sessions	2,615,449	513,970	3,129,419	83.6%	Yes	L	43.37%	72.20%	Yes
	2	Three day waiting period for Handgun Purchases	2,840,912	522,248	3,363,160	84.5%	Yes	L	47.10%	78.42%	Yes
	3	Laws affecting local government expenditures	2,031,557	1,140,745	3,172,302	64.0%	No	L	33.68%	56.08%	No
		or ability to raise revenue or receive state tax
		revenue.
	4	Open Government	2,795,784	392,323	3,188,107	87.7%	Yes	L	46.36%	77.18%	Yes
5,438,612	1992
	1	Emergency Suspension or Delay of General	3,369,416	1,337,284	4,706,700	71.6%	Yes	L	51.51%	61.95%	No
		Election
	2	Access to public records and meetings	3,883,617	793,229	4,676,846	83.0%	Yes	L	59.37%	71.41%	Yes
	3	Historic preservation ad valorem tax exemption	2,908,730	1,752,480	4,661,210	62.4%	No	L	44.46%	53.48%	No
	4	Budget Reform	3,815,541	796,462	4,612,003	82.7%	Yes	TBRC	58.33%	70.16%	Yes
	5	Taxpayers Bill of Rights	4,258,422	472,324	4,730,746	90.0%	Yes	TBRC	65.10%	78.30%	Yes
	8	Bonds for the construction of education facilities	3,089,042	1,461,429	4,550,471	67.9%	Yes	L	47.22%	56.80%	No
	9	Limited political terms in certain elective offices	3,625,500	1,097,127	4,722,627	76.8%	Yes	I	55.42%	66.66%	Yes
	10	Homestead Valuation Limitation	2,493,742	2,154,747	4,648,489	53.6%	No	I	38.12%	45.85%	No
4,305,340	1994
	1	Start of Regular Sessions of the Legislature	2,713,189	955,223	3,668,412	74.0%	Yes	L	41.36%	63.02%	No
	2	Limitation on State Revenue Collections	2,182,411	1,489,268	3,671,679	59.4%	No	L	33.27%	50.69%	No
	3	Limiting Marine Net Fishing	2,876,091	1,135,110	4,011,201	71.7%	Yes	I	43.85%	66.80%	Yes
	4	Revenue Limits: May Peoples Amendments	2,167,305	1,560,635	3,727,940	58.1%	No	I	33.04%	50.34%	No
		Limiting Government Revenue Cover Multiple
		Subjects?
5,444,245	1996
	1	Tax Limitation	3,372,915	1,497,485	4,870,400	69.3%	Yes	I	41.75%	61.95%	No
	2	Constitution Revision Commission	2,733,993	1,720,193	4,454,186	61.4%	No	L	33.85%	50.22%	No
	3	Judiciary	3,436,753	1,153,367	4,590,120	74.9%	Yes	L	42.55%	63.13%	No
	5	Responsibility for Paying Costs of Water Pollution	3,397,286	1,594,175	4,991,461	68.1%	Yes	I	42.06%	62.40%	No
	6	Everglades Trust Fund	2,825,819	2,108,286	4,934,105	57.3%	No	I	34.98%	51.90%	No

* L = Legislature, I = initiative, TBRC = Taxation and Budget Reform Commission

** 73 constitutional amendments were passed since the main constitutional revision in 1968, 48 of which passed with more than 2/3 of the votes.

# Records unavailable on Total Who Voted in Election.

Source : Department of State Division of Elections, Bureau of Election Records and Florida TaxWatch, July 1997

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